Home Coenobita rugosus(EN)

Coenobita rugosus(EN)

Coenobita rugosus H. Milne Edwards, 1837

Image©Parks Australia

Common name

Wrinkled Land Hermit Crab, Crying Land Hermit Crab, Tawny Hermit Crab.

Size

Shield length can reach 19mm.

Distribution

From Indian to Pacific Ocean, East Africa to Philippines, Taiwan, Thailand, Japan(Ogasawara Islands) etc.

Habitat

Live on the sandy beach, found under bushes and among debris during daytime.

Larval stages

Three to Five zoeal stages.

Characteristics

Adult
Body colour is variable, cream, purple, brown, bluish-gray, dark blue, dark brown, reddish-orange, pink or mixture of colours, with granules on the whole body.

Dorsal surface with dark ‘O’ shape mark on anterior of shield.

Black diagonal (/) stripe behind the bases of antenna, on lateral borders of shield.

Eyestalks
Eyestalks are compressed in shape. colour is white or yellow brown.

There is dark green to black band on the lower surfaces of the eyestalks.

Antenna
Antennal acicles are fused with the second segment of peduncle.

The bottom part of antenna are light yellow or light orange.

Cheliped
Left cheliped is bigger than right cheliped. There is series of 7 ridges (////) on upper outer surface of palm of left cheliped.

Upper margins of both cheliped with brush of setae.

A strong longitudinal ridge on middle of inner surface of palm of left cheliped below brush of setae.

Palm of left cheliped four-cornered in an external form, outer lower surface with a dark black patch in adult individuals.

Walking legs 
Lateral surface of dactylus, propodus of left 3rd walking leg flattened.

Outer surface of propodus of left 3rd walking leg separated from dorsal surface by a well-marked longitudinal crest(B).

Abdomen  
The abdomen is short.

Male coxae of 5th legs
Right sexual tube is almost equal in length to the left, or the right is slightly longer than the left.

Juvenile 
Similar to adult, but dark band on the lower surfaces of the eyestalks is not obvious for very small individuals.

Remark

1. Please go to New species related to Coenobita rugosus.

2. It is quite difficult to identify the species of Coenobita purpureus and Coenobita rugosus for some small individuals or white colour adult individuals, but for most individuals it was possible to determine by means of the existence of a black band on the lower surfaces of the eyestalks, outer surface of propodus of 3rd walking leg and male coxae of 5th legs.

3. Generally, Coenobita rugosus with bushy and more obvious granules (on outer surface of left cheliped) than Coenobita purpureus.

Gallery

Reference links

  • coenobita.e-monsite.com
  • coenobitaspecies.com
  • Enviroment of Tokyo (東京都環境局)
  • Taiwan Biodiversity Information Facility (台灣生物多樣性資訊入口網)

Reference articles

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  • Bundhitwongrut T., Thirakhupt K., Pradatsundarasar A., 2014.Population ecology of the land hermit crab Coenobita rugosus (Anomura, Coenobitidae) at Cape Panwa, Phuket Island, Andaman Coast of Thailand
  • Burggren W. W., McMahon B. R., 2009. Biology of the Land Crabs, Cambridge University Press
  • Gherardi F., Mclaughlin P. A., 1994. Shallow-water hermit crabs (Crustacea: Decapoda: Anomura: Paguridea) from Mauritius and Rodrigues Islands, with the description of a new species of Calcinus
  • Greenaway P., 2003. Terrestrial adaptations in the Anomura (Crustacea: Decapoda)
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